Endoscopic techniques for the treatment of obesity

Endoscopic techniques used in obesity are indicated in patients with BMI between 28 and 48 and in patients with BMI 28 but who have comorbidities such as type II diabetics, hypertension, osteopathy, steatohepatitis or dyslipidemia, patients who have successfully performed treatments previous ones such as the balloon and that over time have recovered the lost weight, patients who wish a permanent treatment and in patients who do not want to undergo major surgical procedures.

Among the different techniques there are intragastric balloons with different indication depending on the time they should be implanted. These times vary from 3 months as the Obalon, 6 months as the traditional and most used called Allergan and to 12 months as the Spatz adjustable balloon, the latter having the possibility of adjusting it in different stages. Its implantation is done with sedation and in some cases with anesthesia. The balloons are "balloons" that inflate when they are already introduced into the stomach, either the ingestible as a capsule to which nitrogen is injected, either the classic ball like the Allergan or the adjustable Spatz to which serum is put with methylene blue, a dye which, in case of fluid loss from the balloon, is indicated by the color of the blue urine. The advantage of the latter is that it achieves more weight loss by staying a year, has better tolerance and is readjustable.